Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 14, 2025, yog 19th UN Diabetes Day, nrog rau lub ntsiab lus tshaj tawm "Kev mob ntshav qab zib thiab kev noj qab haus huv". Nws hais txog kev txhim kho lub neej zoo rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev pabcuam kev noj qab haus huv ntshav qab zib, ua rau cov neeg mob muaj kev noj qab haus huv.
Thoob plaws ntiaj teb, kwv yees li 589 lab tus neeg laus (hnub nyoog 20-79) muaj ntshav qab zib, sawv cev 11.1% (1 ntawm 9) ntawm pawg hnub nyoog no. Kwv yees li 252 lab tus tib neeg (43%) tsis kuaj pom, ntsib kev pheej hmoo siab dua ntawm cov teeb meem. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib tau kwv yees nce mus txog 853 lab los ntawm 2050, nce 45%.
Etiology thiab Clinical Types of Diabetes
Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yog cov kab mob metabolic uas cuam tshuam nrog cov piam thaj, protein, rog, dej, thiab electrolytes, tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam kab mob xws li caj ces, kab mob hauv lub cev, kab mob microbial thiab lawv cov co toxins, dawb radical toxins, thiab lub hlwb ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev. Cov xwm txheej no ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm islet, insulin tsis kam, thiab lwm yam. Clinically, nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm hyperglycemia. Cov xwm txheej yuav tshwm sim nrog polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, thiab poob phaus, hu ua "peb polys thiab ib qho poob" cov tsos mob. Nws raug cais tawm hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 1, ntshav qab zib hom 2, ntshav qab zib gestational, thiab lwm yam mob ntshav qab zib.
Kev kuaj ntshav qab zib Biomarkers
Islet autoantibodies yog cov cim ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob kev puas tsuaj ntawm pancreatic β hlwb thiab yog cov cim tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob autoimmune ntshav qab zib. Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GAD), tyrosine phosphatase antibodies (IA-2A), insulin antibodies (IAA), thiab islet cell antibodies (ICA) yog cov cim tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau kev kuaj mob ntshav qab zib.
Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev sib koom ua ke tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev kuaj pom ntawm autoimmune ntshav qab zib. Qhov ntau dua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo tam sim no thaum ntxov, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm ib tus neeg tau nce mus rau kev kho mob ntshav qab zib mellitus ntau dua.
Kev tshawb fawb qhia tias:
● Cov tib neeg uas muaj peb lossis ntau dua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo muaj> 50% kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 hauv 5 xyoos.
● Cov tib neeg uas muaj ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo muaj 70% kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 hauv 10 xyoo, 84% hauv 15 xyoo, thiab ze li ntawm 100% nce mus rau hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib tom qab 20 xyoo tom qab kev soj ntsuam.
● Cov tib neeg uas muaj ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo tsuas muaj 14.5% kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 hauv 10 xyoo.
Tom qab pom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo, tus nqi ntawm kev nce mus rau hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib muaj feem xyuam rau cov hom tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo, hnub nyoog ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, poj niam txiv neej, thiab HLA genotype.
Beier muab kev kuaj ntshav qab zib kom tiav
Beier's diabetes product series methodologies suav nrog Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA) thiab Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm biomarkers pab hauv kev tshawb pom thaum ntxov, kev tswj hwm kev noj qab haus huv thaum ntxov, thiab kev kho mob ntshav qab zib thaum ntxov, yog li txhim kho tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv indices.
|
| Khoom npe |
| 1 | Anti-Islet Cell Antibody (ICA) Test Kit (CLIA) / (ELISA) |
| 2 | Anti-Insulin Antibody (IAA) Assay Kit (CLIA) / (ELISA) |
| 3 | Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody (GAD) Assay Kit (CLIA) / (ELISA) |
| 4 | Tyrosine Phosphatase Antibody (IA-2A) Assay Kit (CLIA) / (ELISA) |
Cov ntaub ntawv:
1. Suav Diabetes Society, Suav Kho Mob Kws Kho Mob Association Endocrinologist ceg, Suav Society of Endocrinology, thiab al. Cov lus qhia rau kev kuaj mob thiab kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 hauv Suav teb (2021 tsab) [J]. Suav Journal of Diabetes Mellitus, 2022, 14(11): 1143-1250. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115791-20220916-00474.
2. Suav Cov Poj Niam Cov Kws Kho Mob Association Diabetes Professional Committee, Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Health Management, China Health Promotion Foundation. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo rau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev cuam tshuam rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib muaj kev pheej hmoo siab hauv Suav teb. Suav Journal of Health Management, 2022, 16(01): 7-14. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115624-20211111-00677.
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Nov-17-2025